Born: 1555; Venice, Italy
Died: August 12, 1612; Venice, Italy
Giovanni Gabrieli is an important transitional figure between the Renaissance and Baroque eras and their associated musical styles. The distinctive sound of his music derived in part from his association with St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice, long one of the most important churches in Europe, and for which he wrote both vocal and instrumental works. Through his compositions and his work with several significant pupils, Gabrieli substantiallyRead more influenced the development of music in the seventeenth century.
Very little is known about his early years; he probably studied with his famous uncle Andrea Gabrieli, who was also a composer, and organist at St. Mark's. Like his uncle, Gabrieli lived in Germany for several years, and was employed at the court of Duke Albrecht V in Munich from around 1575 until the Duke's death in 1579. Soon after that Gabrieli returned to Italy, and in 1585 became the organist for the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, a religious confraternity; he would hold that post for the rest of his life. That same year (1585), Gabrieli became organist at St. Mark's and, on his uncle's death in 1586, assumed his position as its principal composer (Gabrieli also edited a number of his uncle's compositions for posthumous publication).
At that time, Venice was a very cosmopolitan city and something of a musical crossroads. Much of the city's musical activity centered around St. Mark's Cathedral, which had long attracted many great musicians. The Cathedral's unusual layout, with its two choir lofts facing each other (each with its own organ), led to the development of what has been called the Venetian style of composition -- a colorful and dramatic style often involving multiple choirs and instrumental ensembles; many of Gabrieli's motets and other religious choral works are written for two or four choirs, divided into a dozen or more separate parts. Gabrieli also became one of the first composers to write choral works including parts for instrumental ensembles; the motet In ecclesiis, as an example, calls for two choirs, soloists, organ, brass, and strings. Gabrieli wrote a number of secular vocal works (most or all of them before 1600), and a number of pieces for organ in a quasi-improvisational style.
Gabrieli composed many purely instrumental works in forms such as the canzoni and ricercari, which had become increasingly popular in the sixteenth century. Several of these were published with some of his choral music in the collection Sacrae symphoniae (1597). This publication was very popular all over Europe and attracted for Gabrieli a number of prominent pupils, the best known of which were Heinrich Schütz (who studied with him between 1609 and 1612) and Michael Praetorius. More of Gabrieli's instrumental pieces were published posthumously in Canzoni e sonate (1615). Some of these works were particularly innovative: the Sonata pian e forte was one of the first documented compositions to employ dynamic markings, and the Sonata per tre violini was one of the first to use a basso continuo, anticipating the later trio sonata. His instrumental works are now seen as the culmination of the development of instrumental music in the sixteenth century.
From around 1606, Gabrieli suffered from a kidney stone that reduced his activities, and eventually led to his death. Read less
Label: Emi Classics
Catalog: 283312
Release Date: 05/21/2013
Number of Discs: 10
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Franz Joseph Haydn,
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Frederick the Great
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Performer:
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Christa Richter-Steiner,
Theo Altmeyer,
Lisa Otto
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Conductor:
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Hans von Benda
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Emi Classics
Catalog: 026782
Release Date: 03/12/2013
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Giovanni Gabrieli,
Cesare Bendinelli,
Magnus Thomsen,
Andrea Gabrieli
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Performer:
James O'Donnell,
Charles Daniels,
Charles Pott,
David Hurley
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Conductor:
Paul McCreesh
Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Hyperion
Catalog: 67957
Release Date: 11/13/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Giovanni Gabrieli
Conductor:
Jeffrey Skidmore
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Concerto Palatino,
Ex Cathedra,
His Majesties Sagbutts and Cornetts
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Label: Signum U.k.
Catalog: 301
Release Date: 10/30/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Claudio Monteverdi,
Gregorio Strozzi,
Antonio Vivaldi,
Juan Hidalgo
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Performer:
Emma Murphy,
David Kenedy,
Gail Hennessy,
Nicholas Parle
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment,
Charivari Agréable,
Cordaria
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Label: Oehms
Catalog: 839
Release Date: 10/30/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Johann Stadlmayr,
Heinrich Schütz,
Giovanni Gabrieli
Performer:
Gert Hohmann,
Roswitha Schmelzl,
Andrea Lauren Brown,
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Conductor:
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Les Cornets Noirs
Label: Archiv Produktion (Dg)
Catalog: 001719702
Release Date: 09/25/2012
Number of Discs: 50
Composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach,
George Frideric Handel,
Domenico Scarlatti,
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Performer:
Peter Harvey,
Stephen Varcoe,
Anthony Rolfe Johnson,
Michael Chance
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Conductor:
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Paul McCreesh,
Marc Minkowski,
Trevor Pinnock
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
English Baroque Soloists,
Monteverdi Choir,
Gabrieli Consort
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Label: Virgin Classics
Catalog: 02579
Release Date: 09/25/2012
Number of Discs: 3
Composer:
Claudio Monteverdi,
George Frideric Handel,
Johann Pachelbel,
Antonio Vivaldi
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Performer:
David Daniels,
Chiara Bianchini,
Janet See,
Christopher Krueger
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Conductor:
Emmanuelle Haďm,
Roger Norrington,
Andrew Parrott,
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Taverner Consort,
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Label: Virgin Classics
Catalog: 02646
Release Date: 09/25/2012
Number of Discs: 3
Composer:
Marc-Antoine Charpentier,
Antonio Vivaldi,
Gregorio Allegri,
Claudio Monteverdi
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Performer:
Emma Kirkby,
Rogers Covey-Crump,
David Thomas,
Gérard Lesne
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Conductor:
William Christie,
Andrew Parrott,
Sir Philip Ledger,
Philippe Herreweghe
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
Les Arts Florissants,
Taverner Players,
Taverner Consort
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Label: Newton Classics
Catalog: 8802129
Release Date: 06/26/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Giovanni Gabrieli,
Giovanni Croce,
Hans Leo Hassler,
Antonino Biffi
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Conductor:
Paolo Cammozzo
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Complesso Vocale e Strumentale Antonio Lotti
Label: Signum U.k.
Catalog: 287
Release Date: 06/19/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Hans Leo Hassler,
Cesare Bendinelli,
Giovanni Gabrieli,
Andrea Gabrieli
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Conductor:
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Decca
Catalog: 001679402
Release Date: 06/05/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Lodovico da Viadana,
Bartolomeo Barbarino,
Andrea Gabrieli,
Giovanni Palestrina
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Conductor:
Robert Hollingworth
Orchestra/Ensemble:
I Fagiolini
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Label: Hyperion
Catalog: 22072
Release Date: 04/10/2012
Number of Discs: 2
Composer:
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Andrea Gabrieli,
Claudio Monteverdi,
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Performer:
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David Miller,
Lynda Sayce,
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Conductor:
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Emi Classics
Catalog: 79017
Release Date: 04/10/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Giovanni Palestrina,
Giovanni Gabrieli,
Claudio Monteverdi,
Gregorio Allegri
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Performer:
Peter Harvey,
Charles Daniels,
Nicholas Robertson,
Tessa Bonner
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Conductor:
Sir David Willcocks,
Timothy Brown,
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Andrew Parrott
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Coro
Catalog: 16099
Release Date: 03/13/2012
Number of Discs: 5
Composer:
Domenico Scarlatti,
Antonio Caldara,
Andrea Gabrieli,
Claudio Monteverdi
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Performer:
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Elizabeth Kenny,
Ian Watson,
Ian Partridge
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Conductor:
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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Label: Naive
Catalog: 30531
Release Date: 02/28/2012
Number of Discs: 1
Composer:
Anonymous,
Giovanni Gabrieli,
Tarquinio Merula,
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Conductor:
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Orchestra/Ensemble:
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