Notes and Editorial Reviews
Atmospheric and appropriate and gentle and reflective.
The beautiful booklet cover for this disc of Gregorian chant is a portion of the painting known as
The Mystic Lamb by Jan van Eyck, painted about 1430. I have been to Ghent twice especially to see this huge canvas. It always takes the breath away. We see a huge gathering of young female saints, like St. Barbara with her emblem of a tower and St. Agnes with hers of a martyr’s palm. She died in 304 and is the inspiration behind the CD.
A further layer of inspiration is a recent book by Margaret Viser called ‘The Geometry of Love’. The words of St. Augustine and St. Ambrose lie behind the gist of Viser’s book that the virgin martyrs “died
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twice … for their purity and for what they believed” (Ambrose) and that “Virginity is really purity of spirit” (Augustine). Even so, female martyrdom continues to this day. The fascinating booklet notes by Jacques Janssen remind us that “Women are frequently victims of violence and sexual crimes especially in war times” and that rape is more common than we are prepared to admit. It’s made worse by many never wanting to speak of the experience. So that is what lies behind this disc and the radio program that began the process in 2004. Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus prepared this for KRO Radio as a musical exploration of Viser’s book.
So how does the chant map out?
A plan is given in the booklet which I won’t copy out here but you should know immediately that in the middle section of the CD short chants are set to break up some quite distressing readings. There’s the biblical story of the rape of Tamar by her brother Amnon in 2 Samuel. There is a harrowing reminiscence of a Rwandan woman who is gang raped by soldiers. There is Esther whose baby, born out of wedlock, is taken away from her by nuns in Dublin. This happened as recently as 1999 the Nuns having agreed to give her permanent refuge. These are interspersed with chants from the psalms. The last is followed by ‘A Voice is heard in Rama of lamenting and bitter mourning Rachael weeping for her children with none to comfort her’ (Psalm 79) and ‘Vindicate me O God and plead my cause against the ungodly’ (Psalm 43). There is also the chanting of the story of the martyrdom of St. Agnes from the writings of Ambrose. Her rape and death are regarded as a special fate which led her to celestial glory “Agnes overcame the gender of her body and the undefiled enclosure of flesh, prevailed over flesh’.
There are two readings from the ‘Holy Text of Naeeda Aurangzeb’ split by the
Ave Verum Corpus chant followed by ‘Forgive us our trespasses’ by Marthe Link. In this she declares, after her violation, that “I want to allow the pain of knowing” and she proclaims that she will soon “let go her bitterment”. This is followed by a hymn to St. Agnes “The blessed Agnes stood in the midst of the fire and stretched forth her hands unto the Lord” and asked for forgiveness although she had done nothing wrong. The point of much of this writing is that many women after rape feel that they have been partially, at least, responsible - to bare the suffering alone, painfully and silently..
After the Magnificat, which is the prayer of praise by the Virgin Mary, a Litany follows. In fact it is Part 2 of the same one that opened the disc “From all oppression/Lord, save your people/From exploitation and poverty… From false accusation…from physical abuse…from sexual exploitation … For fairer treatment … from forced marriages … Good Lord deliver us.”
The sources of the chants from Solesmes’ own
Antiphonal and their
Liber Hymnarius are given and I certainly approve of these. The chanting by Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus is atmospheric and appropriate and gentle and reflective. The readings by Catherina van Maanen are clear and thoughtful. For anyone affected by rape, as we have been within our family. For those who would like a spiritual if somewhat harrowing experience which may help anyone who is a victim in any way, then this unique CD may well be worth investing in.
-- Gary Higginson, MusicWeb International
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3614250.zz3_MARTYRED_VIRGINS_Stan_Hollaardt.html
THE MARTYRED VIRGINS
•
Stan Hollaardt, dir; Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
•
BRILLIANT 94314 (72:31
Text and Translation)
This is the most disturbing chant record I have ever heard. (But read on.) The chant selections are interleaved with readings (two in Latin, the rest in English) illustrating the subtitle of the disc,
A Gregorian Memorial to Female Victims of Violence
. The classic examples are the virgin martyrs of old, the subject of a study by the anthropologist Margaret Visser. She argues from the example of history that these victims of persecution were honored by the Church for a purity of spirit that was not likely preserved intact during their sufferings. Some of the chants are taken from the feast of St. Agnes, the prototypical Roman virgin-martyr, and include
Vox in Rama
(on the Holy Innocents killed by order of Herod after the birth of Christ). The two Latin readings are from the sermon of St. Ambrose on virgins, and the other readings range from the Old Testament story of Tamar to varied contemporary accounts of abused women. The most original part of the program, which was created for a KRO (Dutch Catholic radio) broadcast, is a litany that begins and ends the story. The saints invoked in the first half are virgin martyrs, and the petitions that follow in the other half list crimes against women that beg to be banished.
Hollaardt has made five earlier chant CDs, detailed on chantdiscography.com (search: stan). The programming of these discs shows the same originality that the present disc does, and his interpretations are worthy of the semiological approach. Some of the chants are sung from the most recent editions, the
Graduale Novum
(mentioned in
Fanfare
34:5), the
Antiphonale Monasticum
(29:5 and 32:2), the
Liber Hymnarius
of 1983, and the recent liturgy of the hours and psalter. This program is an unusual way of making a political statement, and an unusually effective one at that. If the theme intrigues you, don’t miss it. It may move you mightily.
FANFARE: J. F. Weber
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Works on This Recording
1.
Litany: Part 1 by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
2.
Antiphonale Missarum juxta ritum sanctae Ecclesiae Mediolanensis: Tertio decimo by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
3.
Liturgia Horarum III (Vaticana 1973): De virginibus by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
4.
Liber Hymnarius (Solesmes 1983): Agnes beatae virginis by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
5.
Psalterium Monasticum (Solesmes 1981): Iudica me Deus by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
6.
Antiphonale Monasticum (Solesmes 2007): Ingressa Agnes by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
7.
Graduale Triplex (Solesmes 1974): Improperium by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
8.
Graduale Triplex (Solesmes 1974): Vox in rama by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
9.
Liber vesperalis juxta ritum sanctae Ecclesiae Mediolanensis (Rome 1939): Agnes famula by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
10.
Liturgia Horarum III (Vaticana 1973): De virginibus (2) by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
11.
Liber Hymnarius (Solesmes 1983): Igne divini by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
12.
Graduale Novum (Regensburg 2011): Christus factus est by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
13.
Cantus Selecti (Solesmes 1949): Ave verum by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
14.
Graduale Novum (Regensburg 2011): Beati mundo corde by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
15.
Antiphonale Monasticum (Solesmes 1934): Stans beata Agnes by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
16.
Litany: Part 2 by Anonymous
Conductor:
Stan Hollaardt
Orchestra/Ensemble:
Schola Cantorum Karolus Magnus
Sound Samples
Tertio decimo [Antiphonale Missarum juxta ritum sanctae Ecclesiae Mediolanensis 434]
De virginibus (1) [LHo Liturgia Horarum III 1072]
Agnes beatae virginis [Liber Hymnarius 341]
2 Samuel: 13, "Amnon and Tamar"
Psalm 43, "Iudica me Deus" [Psalterium Monasticum 137]
Excerpt from Jours de famine et de detresse
Psalm 147:16, "Ingressa Agnes" [Antiphonale Monasticum 6]
Excerpts from The men who killed me: Rwandan
survivors of sexual violence: Excerpts from The men who killed me: Rwandansurvivors of sexual violence
Improperium [Graduale Triplex 148]
Psalm 79: 1, "Vox in rama" [Graduale Triplex 638]
Agnes famula [Liber vesperalis juxta ritum sanctae Ecclesiae 567]
De virginibus (2) [Liturgia Horarum III 1072]
Igne divini [Liber Hymnarius 340]
Christus factus est [Graduale Novum 108]
The Holy Text of Naeeda: Aurangzeb 1
Ave verum [Cantus Selecti 10]
The Holy Text of Naeeda: Aurangzeb 2
Psalm 37:1, "Beati mundo corde" [Graduale Novum 237]
Forgive us our trespasses
Magnificat: Stans beata Agnes [Antiphonale Monasticum 1 789]
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