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Muzio Clementi
Born: January 23, 1752; Rome, Italy
Died: March 10, 1832; Evesham, Worcestershire, England
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Born shortly after Handel wrote his oratorio Jephtha and dead shortly after Berlioz wrote his Symphonie fantastique, Muzio Clementi failed to write anything equal to the originality of those two composers -- or, certainly, equal to the best of his closer contemporaries, Mozart and Haydn. Yet Clementi remains a significant figure for his pioneering work on behalf of the newfangled piano, that percussive, expressive instrument that quickly
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Works
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Allegro for 2 Pianos in C major, Wo 26 (1)
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Allegro for 2 Pianos in C major, Wo 27 "Chasse" (1)
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Allegro for 2 Pianos in C major, Wo 28 (2)
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Allegro for Piano in E flat major, Wo 22 (2)
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Andante con variazioni (1)
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Arie Russe (2)
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Canon ad diapason for Piano in C major, Wo 11 (2)
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Canon per Cherubini for Piano, WO 29 (1)
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Capriccio for Keyboard in B flat major, Op. 17 (5)
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Capriccio for Piano in A major, Op. 34 no 3 (4)
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Capriccio for piano in C major, Op. 47/2 (1)
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Capriccio for piano in E minor, Op. 47/1 (1)
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Capriccio for Piano in F major, Op. 34 no 4 (3)
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Capriccios (2) for Piano, Op. 47: no 1 in E minor (4)
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Capriccios (2) for Piano, Op. 47: no 2 in C major (5)
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Concerto for Piano in C major (5)
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Duet (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 3: no 1 in C major (3)
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Duet (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 3: no 2 in E flat major (4)
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Duet (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 3: no 3 in G major (3)
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Duet for 2 Keyboards in B flat major, Op. 12 no 5 (2)
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Duet for Piano 4 hands in B flat major (2)
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Duets (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 14: no 1 in C major (3)
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Duets (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 14: no 2 in F major (2)
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Duets (3) for Piano 4 hands, Op. 14: no 3 in E flat major (5)
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Duettino for 2 Pianos no 1 in C major, Wo 24 (2)
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Duettino for 2 Pianos no 2 in G major, Wo 25 (2)
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Fantaisie with Variations on 'Au clair de la lune' for Piano, Op. 48 (4)
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Fantasie with Variations "Au clair de la lune" for piano in C minor/C major, Op. 48 (1)
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Finale for Piano in B flat major, Wo 23 (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: Book 1 (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: Book 1, no 14 in F major (3)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: Book 2 (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: Excerpt(s) (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 10 in C major (2)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 39 in B flat major "Scena patetica" (2)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 44 in F minor (2)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 58 in B flat major (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 9 in A major (1)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 94 in F major "Stravaganze" (2)
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Gradus ad Parnassum, Op. 44: no 95 in C major "Bizzarria" (2)
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Harpsichord (Piano) Sonata in E flat major, Op. 41 (1)
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La chasse, Op. 16 (4)
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Minuetto pastorale in D major, Wo 36 (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49 (5)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49: Excerpt(s) (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49: no 3 in E major (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49: no 5 in A major (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49: no 6 in D minor (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for Piano, Op. 49: no 7 in D major (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for piano, Op. 49: Nr. 12 Allegretto Moderato (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for piano, Op. 49: Nr. 3 Allegretto Con Espressione (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for piano, Op. 49: Nr. 4 Allegretto Con Moto (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for piano, Op. 49: Nr. 8 Vivace Assai (1)
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Monferrinas (12) for piano, Op. 49: Nr. 9 Allegro Moderato (1)
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Monferrinas (6) for Piano, Wo 15-20 (2)
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Musical Characteristics for Keyboard, Op. 19 (2)
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Musical Characteristics for Keyboard, Op. 19: Preludio I alla Vanhal (1)
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Musical Characteristics for Keyboard, Op. 19: Preludio II alla Mozart (1)
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Musical Characteristics, Op. 19: Preludio I alla Haydn (1)
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Musical Characteristics, Op. 19: Preludio I alla Mozart (1)
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Operatic Airs, WO 10: no 2, Batti, batti (5)
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Overture in C major (1)
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Overture in D major (1)
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Piano Sonata in B minor, Op. 40/2 (2)
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Piano Sonata in C major, Op. 34/1 (1)
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Piano Sonata in C major, Op. 37/1 (1)
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Piano Sonata in D major, Op. 37/3 (1)
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Piano Sonata in F minor, Op.13/6 (1)
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Piano Sonata in G major, Op. 37/2 (1)
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Piano Sonata in G minor ("Didone abbandonata"), Op. 50/3 (3)
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Piano Sonata in G minor, Op. 34/2 (1)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36 (4)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 1 in C major (4)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 2 in G major (4)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 3 in C major (4)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 4 in F major (1)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 5 in G major (3)
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Progressive Sonatinas (6) for Piano, Op. 36: no 6 in D major (3)
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Rondo for Keyboard in B flat major, Wo 8 (4)
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Rondo-Waltz in D major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 3: no 4 in F major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 3: no 5 in B flat major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 3: no 6 in C major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 5: no 2 in F major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 5: no 3 in E flat major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 27: no 1 in F major (3)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 27: no 2 in D major (3)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 27: no 3 in G major (2)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 28: no 1 in C major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 28: no 2 in E flat major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 28: no 3 in G major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Flute and Cello, Op. 32 (1)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Flute and Cello, Op. 32: no 1 in F major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Flute and Cello, Op. 32: no 2 in D major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Flute and Cello, Op. 32: no 3 in C major (1)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Op. 40: no 1 in G major (5)
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Sonata (3) for Piano, Op. 40: no 2 in B minor (8)
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Sonata for 2 Organs (1)
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Sonata for Harpsichord in A flat major, Wo 13 (2)
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Sonata for Harpsichord in G major, Wo 14 (4)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in B flat major, Op. 5 no 1 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in C major, Op. 30 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in E flat major, Op. 5 no 3 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in E flat major, Op. 6 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in E major, Op. 6 no 3 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin in F major, Op. 5 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin/Flute in A major, Op. 31 (2)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin/Flute in C major, Op. 30 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin/Flute in E flat major, Op. 2 no 1 (2)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin/Flute in F major, Op. 2 no 5 (2)
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Sonata for Keyboard and Violin/Flute in G major, Op. 2 no 3 (3)
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Sonata for Keyboard in A major, Op. 2 no 4 (5)
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Sonata for Keyboard in A minor (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard in B flat major, Op. 13 no 4 (3)
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Sonata for Keyboard in B flat major, Op. 2 no 6 (4)
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Sonata for Keyboard in B flat major, Op. 46 (2)
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Sonata for Keyboard in C major, Op. 2 no 2 (4)
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Sonata for Keyboard in C major, Op. 20 (4)
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Sonata for Keyboard in E flat major, Op. 6 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Keyboard in F major, Op. 13 no 5 (4)
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Sonata for Keyboard in F minor, Op. 13 no 6 (12)
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Sonata for Piano 4 hands in E flat major, Op. 6 no 1 (5)
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Sonata for Piano 4 hands in E major, Op. 6 no 2 (2)
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Sonata for Piano in A major, Op. 10 no 1 (2)
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Sonata for Piano in A major, Op. 36 no 1 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in B flat major (1)
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Sonata for Piano in B flat major, Op. 10 no 3 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in B flat major, Op. 12 no 1 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in B flat major, Op. 47 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in B flat major, Op. 9 no 1 (2)
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Sonata for Piano in C major, Op. 9 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in D major, Op. 10 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in E flat major, Op. 11 no 1 (5)
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Sonata for Piano in E flat major, Op. 12 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in E flat major, Op. 12 no 4 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in E flat major, Op. 41 (4)
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Sonata for Piano in E flat major, Op. 9 no 3 (2)
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Sonata for Piano in F major (4)
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Sonata for Piano in F major, Op. 12 no 3 (1)
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Sonata for Piano in F major, Op. 26 (3)
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Sonata for Piano in F sharp minor, Op. 26 no 2 (6)
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Sonata for Piano in G minor (1)
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Sonata for Piano, Flute and Cello in C major, Wo 6 (1)
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Sonata for Violin/Flute and Piano in C major, Op. 13 no 2 (1)
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Sonata for Violin/Flute and Piano in E flat major, Op. 13 no 3 (1)
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Sonata for Violin/Flute and Piano in G major, Op. 13 no 1 (1)
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Sonata in A major (1)
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Sonatas (2) for Keyboard, Op. 24 (6)
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Sonatas (2) for Keyboard, Op. 24: no 1 in F major (2)
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Sonatas (2) for Keyboard, Op. 24: no 2 in B flat major (4)
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Sonatas (2) for Keyboard, Op. 24: no 2 in B flat major - 3rd movement, Rondo (1)
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Sonatas (2) for Keyboard, Op. 24: no 2 in B flat major- 1st movement, Allegro con brio (2)
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Sonatas (2) for Piano, Op. 34 (2)
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Sonatas (2) for Piano, Op. 34: no 1 in C major (2)
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Sonatas (2) for Piano, Op. 34: no 1 in C major- 2nd movement, Un poco andante, quasi allegretto (1)
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Sonatas (2) for Piano, Op. 34: no 2 in G minor (7)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 21 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 21: no 1 in D major (3)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 21: no 2 in G major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 21: no 3 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 22 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 22: no 1 in D major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 22: no 2 in G major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Flute and Cello, Op. 22: no 3 in C major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Op. 10 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Op. 23: no 1 in E flat major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Op. 23: no 2 in F major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Op. 23: no 3 in E flat major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 29 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 29: no 1 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 29: no 2 in G major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Keyboard, Violin and Cello, Op. 29: no 3 in D major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 10: no 1 in A major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 10: no 2 in D major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 10: no 3 in B flat major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 33 (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 33: no 1 in A major (7)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 33: no 2 in F major (5)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 33: no 3 in C major (after Concerto for Piano) (6)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 37 (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 37: no 1 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 37: no 2 in G major (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 40: no 3 in d/D (10)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 50: no 1 in A major (6)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 50: no 1 in A major - 2nd movement, Adagio (4)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 50: no 2 in D minor (4)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 50: no 3 in G minor "Didone Abbandonata" (6)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 7: no 1 in E flat major (4)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 7: no 2 in C major (3)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 7: no 3 in G minor (7)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 8: no 1 in G minor (6)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 8: no 2 in E flat major (3)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 8: no 3 in B flat major (4)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 9 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 9: no 1 in B flat major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 9: no 2 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Op. 9: no 3 in E flat major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Violin and Cello, Op. 35 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Violin and Cello, Op. 35: no 1 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Violin and Cello, Op. 35: no 2 in G major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Piano, Violin and Cello, Op. 35: no 3 in D major "La chasse" (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin and Piano, Op. 15 (2)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin and Piano, Op. 15: : no 1 in E flat major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin and Piano, Op. 15: no 2 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin and Piano, Op. 15: no 3 in B flat major (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin, Cello and Keyboard, Op. 27 (1)
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Sonatas (3) for Violin, Cello and Keyboard, Op. 28 (1)
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Sonatas (4) for Keyboard, Op. 12: no 1 in B flat major (4)
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Sonatas (4) for Keyboard, Op. 12: no 2 in E flat major (2)
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Sonatas (4) for Keyboard, Op. 12: no 2 in E flat major - 3rd movement, Rondo (5)
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Sonatas (4) for Keyboard, Op. 12: no 3 in F major (2)
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Sonatas (4) for Keyboard, Op. 12: no 4 in E flat major (2)
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Sonatas (5) for Keyboard, Op. 1a: no 1 in F major (2)
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Sonatas (5) for Keyboard, Op. 1a: no 2 in B flat major (3)
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Sonatas (5) for Keyboard, Op. 1a: no 3 in G major (2)
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Sonatas (5) for Keyboard, Op. 1a: no 4 in A major (2)
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Sonatas (5) for Keyboard, Op. 1a: no 5 in A minor (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4 (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4: no 1 in D major (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4: no 2 in E flat major (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4: no 3 in C major (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4: no 4 in G major (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Keyboard and Violin/Flute, Op. 4: no 5 in B flat major (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 1 in E flat major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 2 in G major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 3 in B flat major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 4 in F major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 5 in A major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 1: no 6 in E major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 1 in C major (2)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 2 in G major (3)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 3 in B flat major (3)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 3 in B flat major - 2nd movement, Rondo (4)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 4 in A major (4)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 5 in F sharp minor (15)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 5 in F sharp minor - 2nd movement, Lento (1)
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Sonatas (6) for Piano, Op. 25: no 6 in D major (6)
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Sonate B-Dur, Op. 47/2: 1. Allegro con brio (1)
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Symphonies (2), Op. 18: no 1 in B flat major (2)
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Symphonies (2), Op. 18: no 2 in D major (3)
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Symphony no 1 in C major, Wo 32 (3)
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Symphony no 2 in D major, Wo 33 (2)
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Symphony no 3 in G major, Wo 34 "Great National" (3)
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Symphony no 4 in D major, Wo 35 (2)
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Tarantella for Piano in A minor, Wo 21 (1)
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The Black Joke, WO 2 (4)
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Toccata for Piano in B flat major, Op. 11 no 2 (5)
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Variations (5) on a Minuet by Mr. Collick, Wo 5 (3)
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Work(s): Preludio 1 Alla Kozeluch (1)
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| More Featured Muzio Clementi CDs & DVDs: |
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Biography |
by James Reel
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Born shortly after Handel wrote his oratorio Jephtha and dead shortly after Berlioz wrote his Symphonie fantastique, Muzio Clementi failed to write anything equal to the originality of those two composers -- or, certainly, equal to the best of his closer contemporaries, Mozart and Haydn. Yet Clementi remains a significant figure for his pioneering work on behalf of the newfangled piano, that percussive, expressive instrument that quickly displaced the harpsichord at the end of the eighteenth century. His full-scale sonatas and small studies exploited the possibilities of the early piano and groomed the technique of early pianists, and led him to be known as "the father of the piano." His influence on Beethoven has likely been underestimated.
Clementi was a child prodigy, with an appointment as an organist at age 9 and an oratorio to his credit by the time he was 12. In 1766 Clementi's father was persuaded to take the boy to study in England, the country that would remain Clementi's base for the rest of his life. In the English countryside the youth undertook a rigid course of studies, emerging in 1773 for a spectacular debut in London as a composer and pianist. Had Clementi matured anywhere else in Europe, he might have limited himself to the organ and harpsichord; but the piano was enormously popular in England, and Clementi furthered his career by capitalizing on the instrument's expanded capabilities. In 1780, he went on tour to the Continental capitals; in Vienna, Emperor Joseph II instigated a friendly musical duel between Clementi and Mozart.
Clementi settled down in London in 1782, dividing his time between teaching (his pupils included Cramer, Meyerbeer, and Field), composing, and performing. In 1799, he co-founded a company that both published music and manufactured pianos. Toward the end of his life he traveled through Europe again and spent more and more time composing; during this time, he wrote several symphonies, but most have been lost. He is mainly remembered for his dozens of piano sonatas, and for his collection of studies, Gradus ad Parnassum (Steps Toward Parnassus), which has been the bane of piano students for two centuries and was parodied by Debussy in the opening movement of his Children's Corner. Clementi was the complete piano man, popularizing the instrument through his own performances, writing exercises to develop young pianists, writing sonatas for mature pianists to play, and manufacturing instruments for their use. |
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