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Louis Spohr
Born: April 5, 1784; Braunschweig, Germany
Died: October 22, 1859; Kassel, Germany
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Although virtually unknown to general audiences, the musical legacy of German composer, conductor and violinist Ludwig Spohr (1784-1859) is far-reaching indeed. Little of his own music survives in the general repertoire, but he is remembered as one of the preeminent conductors of the first half of the nineteenth century and as a seminal figure in the development of modern violin playing. Also, in addition to having invented both the violin
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Works
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(6) Lieder, Op. 25 (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 37: No. 1, Mignons Lied (wds. Goethe) (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 37: No. 2, Lebenslied (wds. Schmidt) (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 37: No. 3, Die Stimme der Nacht (wds. C. von W.) (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 37: No. 4, Getrennte Liebe (wds. Schmidt) (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 37: No. 5, Liebesschwärmerei (wds. C. von W.) (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 41 (1)
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(6) Lieder, Op. 72 (1)
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Adagio (2)
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Alruna, die Eulenkönigin: Overture, Op. 21 (1)
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Aus der Tiefen ruf ’ ich, Gott, zu dir (1)
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Beruhigung ("Du armes Herz"), song for voice & piano, Op. 72/4 (2)
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Concert Overture in D major, Op. 126 "Im ernsten Stil" (1)
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Concertante for 2 Violins in A major, Op. 48 (2)
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Concertante for 2 Violins in B minor, Op. 88 (2)
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Concertante for Violin and Harp no 1 in G major, WoO 13 (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 1 in C minor, Op. 26 (6)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 2 in E flat major, Op. 57 (6)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 2 in E flat major, Op. 57: 2nd movement, Adagio (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 3 in F minor, WoO. 19 (2)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 3 in F minor, WoO. 19: 1st movement, Allegro moderato (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 3 in F minor, WoO. 19: 2nd movement, Adagio (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 3 in F minor, WoO. 19: 3rd movement, Vivace non troppo (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 4 in E minor, WoO 20 (4)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 4 in E minor, WoO 20: 1st movement, Allegro Vivace (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 4 in E minor, WoO 20: 2nd movement, Larghetto (1)
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Concerto for Clarinet no 4 in E minor, WoO 20: 3rd movement, Rondo al espagnol (1)
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Concerto for String Quartet and Orchestra in A minor, Op. 131 (2)
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Concerto for Violin and Harp (1)
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Concerto for Violin in A major, WoO 12 (1)
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Concerto for Violin in E minor, WoO 10 (1)
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Concerto for Violin in G major, WoO 9 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 1 in A major, Op. 1 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 10 in A major, Op. 62 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 11 in G major, Op. 70 (2)
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Concerto for Violin no 12 in A major, Op. 79 "Concertino no 1" (3)
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Concerto for Violin no 13 in E major, Op. 92 "Concertino no. 2" (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 14 in A minor, Op. 110 "Sonst und Jetzt" (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 15 in E minor, Op. 128 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 2 in D minor, Op. 2 (2)
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Concerto for Violin no 3 in C major, Op. 7 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 4 in B minor, Op. 10 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 5 in E flat major, Op. 17 (1)
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Concerto for Violin no 6 in G minor, Op. 28 (2)
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Concerto for Violin no 7 in E minor, Op. 38 (3)
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Concerto for Violin no 7 in E minor, Op. 38: Adagio (2)
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Concerto for Violin no 8 in A minor, Op. 47 "in modo di scena cantante" (10)
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Concerto for Violin no 9 in D minor, Op. 55 (2)
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Concerto for Violin no 9 in D minor, Op. 55: Adagio (1)
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Concerto movement for Violin in D major, WoO 16 (1)
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Das befreite Deutschland, WoO 64: Overture (1)
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Der Alchymist (1)
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Der Alchymist: Overture (1)
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Der Berggeist, Op. 73: Overture (1)
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Der erste Kuss ("Die Lippe brennt"), song for voice & piano, Op. 41/5 (1)
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Der Fall Babylons, WoO 63: Overture (1)
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Der Zweikampf mit der Geliebten, WoO50: Overture (1)
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Des Heilands letzte Stunden, WoO 62: Rufe aus der Welt voll Mängel (1)
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Die letzten Dinge (1)
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Die Prüfüng: Overture, Op. 15 (1)
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Die Stimme der Nacht ("Dort im Tal hör ich verhallen"), song for voice & piano, Op. 37/3 (1)
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Double Quartet for Strings no 1 in D minor, Op. 65 (8)
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Double Quartet for Strings no 2 in E flat major, Op. 77 (2)
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Double Quartet for Strings no 3 in E minor, Op. 87 (2)
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Double Quartet for Strings no 4 in g minor, Op. 136 (1)
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Duet for 2 Violins in D major, Op. 150 (1)
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Duet for 2 Violins in F major, Op. 148 (1)
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Duets (3) for 2 Violins, Op. 39: no 1 in D minor - Rondo (1)
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Duets (3) for 2 Violins, Op. 3: no 3 in G major (1)
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Duets (3) for 2 Violins, Op. 67: no 2 in D major (3)
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Duo for Violin and Viola in E minor, Op. 13 (1)
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Fantasia and Variations for Clarinet and String Quartet on a theme of Danzi in B flat major, Op. 81 (4)
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Fantasias (2) on themes by Handel and Vogler, Op. 118 (2)
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Fantasie for Harp in C minor, Op. 35 (11)
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Faust (2)
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Faust, opera, WoO 51, WoO 51a: Recitative & Aria: Ich bin allein (1)
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Faust: Der Hölle selbst will ich (1)
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Faust: Ich bin allein (1)
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Faust: Overture, Op. 60 (2)
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Frühlingsglaube ("Die Linden Lüfte sind erwacht"), song for voice & piano, Op. 72/1 (1)
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German Songs (6), Op. 37: no 1, Mignons Lied (3)
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German Songs (6), Op. 37: no 4, Getrennte Liebe (1)
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German Songs (6), Op. 37: no 5, Lied beim Rundetanz (2)
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German Songs (6), Op. 41: no 3, An Mignon (1)
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German Songs (6), Op. 41: no 6, Vanitas! (1)
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German Songs (6), Op. 72: no 6, Schlaflied (1)
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Getrennte Liebe ("Der Liebe bangen Sorgen erbleicht der Freude Strahl!"), song for voice & piano, Op (2)
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Grand Concert Overture (2)
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Jessonda, Op. 63 (1)
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Jessonda, Op. 63: Aria(s) (1)
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Jessonda, Op. 63: Overture (2)
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Jubilate Deo, offertory for soprano, chorus, violin & orchestra in C major, WoO 65 (1)
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Klagelied von den drei Rosen (Drei Rosen hielt ich in Händen"), song for voice & piano, Op. 41/4 (1)
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Lied aus Aslaugas Ritter ("Ach, wär' ich nur ein Vögelein"), song for voice & piano, Op. 41/2 (1)
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Lied beim Rundetanz ("Auf! es dunkelt"), for voice & piano, Op. 37/6 (1)
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Lied des verlassenen Mädchens, WoO90 (1)
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Lieder (6), Op. 25: no 2, Schottisch Lied (1)
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Lieder (6), Op. 25: no 5, Zigeunerlied (1)
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Macbeth: Overture, Op. 75 (1)
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Mass in C major, Op. 54 (2)
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Nachgefühl, WoO91 (1)
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Nonet for Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Strings in F major, Op. 31 (13)
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Nonet for Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Strings in F major, Op. 31: 1st Movement, Allegro (2)
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Nonet for Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Strings in F major, Op. 31: Adagio (5)
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Nonet for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon, violin, viola, cello & double bass in F major, Op. 3 (1)
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Nonett in F major: 3. Adagio (1)
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Notturno for Winds and Turkish Band in C major, Op. 34 (2)
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Octet for Clarinet, 2 Horns and Strings in E major, Op. 32 (8)
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Overture in C minor, Op. 12 (2)
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Piano Sonata in A flat major, Op. 125 (1)
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Pietro von Abano, Op. 76: Overture (1)
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Polonaise for Violin and Orchestra in A minor, Op. 40 (1)
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Potpourri for Clarinet and Orchestra on themes by P. von Winter, Op. 80 (2)
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Potpourri for Violin and Cello on themes from "Jessonda", Op. 64 (1)
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Potpourri for Violin and Harp in F sharp minor on themes by Mozart, Op. 50 (1)
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Potpourri for Violin in A major on Irish themes, Op. 59 (1)
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Potpourri for Violin no 1 in G major on themes by Gaveaux's "Le petit matelot", Op. 5 (1)
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Potpourri for Violin no 2 in B flat major on themes by Mozart, Op. 22 (2)
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Potpourri for Violin no 3 in G major on themes by Mozart, Op. 23 (1)
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Potpourri on themes by Mozart for violin & string trio in B major, Op. 24 (1)
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Psalms (3), Op. 85 (2)
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Quartet for Strings no 1 in C major, Op. 4 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 11 in E major, Op. 43 "Quatuor brillant" (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 12 in C major, Op. 45 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 13 in E minor, Op. 45 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 14 in F minor, Op. 45 no 3 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 15 in E flat major, Op. 58 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 16 in A minor, Op. 58 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 17 in G major, Op. 58 no 3 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 19 in A major, Op. 68 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 2 in g minor, Op. 4 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 20 in A minor, Op. 74 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 21 in B flat major, Op. 74 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 22 in D minor, Op. 74 no 3 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 24 in G major, Op. 82 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 25 in A minor, Op. 82 no 3 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 27 in D minor, Op. 84 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 28 in A major, Op. 84 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 29 in B minor, Op. 84 no 3 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 3 in D minor, Op. 11 "Quatuor brillant" (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 30 in A major, Op. 93 "Quatuor brillant" (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 32 in C major, Op. 141 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 33 in G major, Op. 146 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 34 in E flat major, Op. 152 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 35 in E flat major, Op. 155 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 4 in E flat major, Op. 15 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 5 in D major, Op. 15 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 6 in G minor, Op. 27 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 6 in G minor, Op. 27: Minuet (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 7 in E flat major, Op. 29 no 1 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 8 in C major, Op. 29 no 2 (1)
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Quartet for Strings no 9 in F minor, Op. 29 no 3 (1)
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Quintet for Flute, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Piano in C minor, Op. 52 (5)
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Quintet for Piano and Strings in D major, Op. 130 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 1 in E flat major, Op. 33 no 1 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 2 in G major, Op. 33 no 2 (3)
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Quintet for Strings no 3 in B minor, Op. 69 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 4 in A minor, Op. 91 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 5 in G minor, Op. 106 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 6 in E minor, Op. 129 (2)
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Quintet for Strings no 7 in G minor, Op. 144 (2)
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Romanze for Clarinet in B flat major (1)
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Rondo Brilliant for Violin and Piano, Op. 51 (1)
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Rondoletto for piano in G major, Op. 149 (1)
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Rondoletto in G, Op. 149 (1)
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Schifferlied der Wasserfee ("Auf Wogen gezogen"), song for voice & piano, Op. 72/2 (1)
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Schlaflied ("Ruhe, süss Liebchen"), song for voice & piano, Op. 72/6 (2)
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Septet for Flute, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon, Violin, Cello and Piano in A minor, Op. 147 (4)
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Septet for Flute, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon, Violin, Cello and Piano in A minor, Op. 147: 1st movement (1)
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Sextet for Strings in C major, Op. 140 (4)
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Sextet for Strings in C major, Op. 140: Scherzo (1)
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Sonata for violin & harp in E minor/F minor, WoO 27 (1)
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Sonata for violin & harp or piano in D major/E flat major, Op. 114 (1)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 1 in C minor, WoO 23 (3)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 2 in B flat major, Op. 16 (2)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 3 in E flat major, Op. 113 (8)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 4 in A flat major, Op. 114 (4)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 5 in E flat major, Op. 115 (7)
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Sonata for Violin and Harp no 5 in E flat major, Op. 115: 2nd movement, Larghetto in G major (2)
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Songs (6) for voice, clarinet & piano, Op. 103 (2)
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Songs (6) with Clarinet obbligato, Op. 103 (12)
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Songs (6) with Violin obbligato, Op. 154 (2)
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Songs (6) with Violin obbligato, Op. 154: Der Erlkönig (2)
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String Quartet No. 31 in A major, Op. 132 (1)
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String Quartet No. 36 in G minor, WoO 42 (Op. 157) (1)
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Symphony no 1 in E flat major, Op. 20 (3)
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Symphony no 10 in E flat major, Op. 156 (2)
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Symphony no 2 in D minor, Op. 49 (4)
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Symphony no 3 in C minor, Op. 78 (3)
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Symphony no 4 in F major, Op. 86 "Die Weihe der Töne" (2)
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Symphony no 5 in C minor, Op. 102 (2)
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Symphony no 6 in G major, Op. 116 "Historical" (4)
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Symphony no 7 in C major, Op. 121 "Irdisches und Göttliches im Menschenleben" (1)
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Symphony no 8 in G major, Op. 137 (3)
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Symphony no 9 in B minor, Op. 143 "Die Jahreszeiten" (2)
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Trio for Harp, Violin and Cello in E/F minor, WoO 28 (1)
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Trio for Piano and Strings no 1 in E minor, Op. 119 (3)
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Trio for Piano and Strings no 2 in F major, Op. 123 (4)
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Trio for Piano and Strings no 3 in A minor, Op. 124 (3)
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Trio for Piano and Strings no 4 in B major, Op. 133 (3)
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Trio for Piano and Strings no 5 in G minor, Op. 142 (4)
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Variations for Clarinet in B flat major on a theme from Alruna, WoO 15 (6)
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Variations for Harp no 1 in F major, Op. 36 "Je suis encore dans mon printemps" (6)
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Violin Concerto No. 7 in E minor: Adagio (1)
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Violin Concerto No. 8 in A minor ("In modo di scena cantante"), Op. 47 (2)
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Waltz in A major, Op. 89 "Erinnerung an Marienbad" (1)
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Wanderlust, Op. 120 no 3 (1)
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Was mir wohl übrig bliebe, song for voice & piano, Op. 139/5 (1)
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Was treibt den Waidmann in den Wald, WoO 92 (1)
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Zeigesang ("Im Fliederbusch ein Vögleinsass"), song for voice, clarinet & piano, Op. 103/2 (1)
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Zemire und Azor (1)
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Zemire und Azor: Ros wie bist du reizend und mild (5)
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| More Featured Louis Spohr CDs & DVDs: |
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Biography |
by Blair Johnston
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Although virtually unknown to general audiences, the musical legacy of German composer, conductor and violinist Ludwig Spohr (1784-1859) is far-reaching indeed. Little of his own music survives in the general repertoire, but he is remembered as one of the preeminent conductors of the first half of the nineteenth century and as a seminal figure in the development of modern violin playing. Also, in addition to having invented both the violin chin-rest and rehearsal numbers/letters for printed music, he was the first major conductor to use a baton.
Born in northern Germany in 1784, Spohr showed early talent for the violin, and by age 15 he was a member of the ducal orchestra at Braunschweig. At 18 he was sent by the Duke for a year of study with well-known violinist Franz Anton Eck, at the end of which time Spohr was considered ripe for a concert tour of his own. By 1805 the young virtuoso had become something of a sensation throughout Germany, where audiences adored both Spohr's playing and his compositions. Between 1805 and his death in 1859, Spohr served in a number of court positions throughout Germany and Austria. He was the leader of the orchestra at Gotha from 1805-1812, leader of the orchestra at Theater an der Wien in Vienna from 1813-1815, director of the Frankfurt Opera from 1817-1819, and Hofkapellmeister at the city of Kassel from 1822 to 1857. He also remained a prominent figure on the international music scene, making no fewer than six tours of England throughout the years.
Over six and a half feet tall, Spohr must have been an imposing figure on the podium. His conducting repertoire was vast, including such then irregularities as J.S. Bach and Handel. A strong believer in new music, Spohr had a great impact on the careers of such progressive composers as Wagner and Berlioz. Spohr was one of the first to conduct Der fliegende Holländer (1842) and Tannhäuser (1853), though Spohr himself never fully accepted their musical aesthetic. Spohr's compositions never completely abandoned the blueprint of the Viennese masters; to the end he maintained that Mozart was the perfect composer. While his operas, such as Jessonda (1823), were popular during his lifetime, they have since disappeared from opera houses. Only a few of his works, notably the Eighth Violin Concerto -- a striking work in the form of an operatic scene -- and the four clarinet concertos are heard today. However, there were some signs of a growing interest in his chamber and orchestral music in the late twentieth century. Throughout his life Spohr was famous for being as generous and warm a person as he was profound a musician. He maintained an active interest in politics and was considered a skillful painter and chess player. |
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